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Mila Punhi:
( First week of January ) Full moon day on this month is celebrated by carrying the Kalasa ( holy Vase) all the way from Changu Naryan to Jamal and Taleju temple at Kathmandu durbar square with big procession comprising of traditional musicians. Kumari will also be carried amidst a procession to Taleju on this day to observe this festival.
Maghe Sankranti:
Maghe Sankranti is the beginning of the holy month of Magh, usually the mid of January. It brings an end to the ill-omened month of Poush (mid-december) when all religious ceremonies are forbidden. Even if it is considered the coldest day of the year, it marks the coming of warmer weather and better days of health and fortune.
Shree Panchami (Basanta Panchami ):
This festival falls in mid Magh ( End of January).It is celebrated as the birthday of Saraswati, the Goddess of Learning. She is the lily-white daughter of Shiva and Durga in spotless white robe and seated in a full-blown lotus.
This day is also dedicated to the martyrs of Nepal and hence celebrated as Martyr's Day.
February
Lhosar:
Lhosar is the Tibetan New Year which falls on February/March. This festival is most impressively observed by all the Tibetan-speaking populations. They organize folk songs and dances on this occasion. These dances can be seen in
Khumbu, Helambu and other northern regions of Nepal and also at Boudhanath in
Kathmandu.
Mamla Jatra:
(2nd week of February, full moon day). One of the important festival of Tamang and Tibetan youths. It is celebrate at Buddhanath in honor of goddess Dakini Ajima (
Mamla) by carrying the her image in a beautifully decorated palanquin around Bouddhanath area.
Maha Shiva Ratri:
This day is the celebration dedicated to the Lord Shiva which falls on the Trayodashi of the month Fagun (Third week of February). Hindus will visit Pashupatinath and other Shiva temples to offer Puja
March
Timal Jatra:
(1st week of March) Celebrated in Bouddhnath one night before the full moon day by praying, singing and dancing around the stupa.
Fagun Purnima (Holi):
The ancient Hindu festival of Holi falls on second week of March. Allegedly named after the mythical demoness Holika, it is a day when the feast of colours is celebrated. The festival is of a week. However, it's only the last day that is observed by all with colours.
Ghode Jatra:
Ghode Jatra, the Horse Racing Day falls on Darhsa Shrad Aunsi of the month Chaitra ( Last week of March). A grand horse parade takes place at Tundikhel, the central point of the city reputed to have been in the former days the largest parade ground in Asia.
April
Shree Ram Nawami:
Ram Nawami is celebrated in the mid of Chaitra (First week of April) as Lord Ram's Birthday. It is celebrated with much pomp at Janaki temple in Janakpur city, which lies in southern Nepal.
Chaite Dasain ( First week of April ):
Chaite Dasain used to be the original day of the grand Dasain festival (which takes place exactly six months later now), but because people got their stomachs upset after feasting on spicy food during the warm month of Chaitra, the grand celebration was shifted to the cooler season. But the religious fervor is still evident in the celebrations of the day.
Bisket Jatra:
(2nd week of April). Bisket is one of the most popular festival of Bhaktapur city. It is observed for nine days by pulling the beautifully decorated chariot of God Bhairab and Goddess Bhadrakali. The festival starts from the famous five story temple ‘Nyatapola’
Akchhaya Tritiya:
(3rd week of April) Celebrated on the third day of full moon day on this month all over Kathmandu valley by visiting Shiva temples specially Pashupatinath temple by offering puja to God Shiva. This festival is celebrated to honor the wedding between God Shiva and his consort Parvati.
May
Rato Macchendranath Jatra:
(Begins on the full moon day of Baisakh, Mid April to mid May) This is the longest as well as the most important festival of Patan. It begins with several days of ceremonies and the fabrication of a wooden-wheeled chariot at Pulchowk, near the Ashoka Stupa.
Mata Tirtha snan (Mother's Day):
This is one of the widely celebrated festivals that falls on the first month, Baisakh (First week of May), of the Nepali Year. It is also called Mata Tirtha Aunsi as it falls on a new moon night.
Chhinnamasta Jatra:
(1st week of May) Celebrated on the Mother’s day, this is one of the interesting ancient festivals of Changunaryan. Gods from the famous Changunarayan temple are enshrined on a palanquin and carried through various localities for five days. On the second day, gods and goddess images are made of sticky rice and carried to Bhairava temple.
Buddha Jayanti:
This day is celebrated to mark the birthday of the Lord Buddha which dates back in about 543 BC.It falls on Jestha Purnima (Full moon night- third week of May).
Jyapunhi:
(Third week of May). The full moon day of this month is celebrated as Milhapunhi at Patan city in front of Krishna temple at Patan Durbar square. On this day the nearly 350 years old throne of Malla king is displayed for the public along with Pauba arts of that period followed by traditional songs composed by king Siddhinarsinga Malla.
June
Gunla (End of June to end of July):
Gunla is a sacred month dedicated to Lord Buddha. This festival commemorates the auspicious "rains retreat" when the Buddha, over 2,500 years ago, led his close disciples into solitary meditation and preached to them the essence of his principles.
Nava Durga Dance:
Although Nava Durga Dance, the mask dance of nine female deities, is performed in various small towns around Bhaktapur but Bhaktapur is famous for this dance starting from the Navami day in Dashain ( Sept. / Oct.) and will end at end of June.
Pulukhuigu:
One of the interesting ancient festival at Swayambhu Stupa, which will be celebrated by covering the golden parts of the stupa with bamboo mats so that the monsoon rain do not damage the golden parts of the stupa. This will be celebrated during last week of June.
Trisul Jatra:
One of the popular festivals of Pashupati nath area in Kathmandu. There will be a procession of three wooden chariots with five children on it. The children will be lying flat atop an upright trident (the emblem of god Shiva )
July
Guru Purnima ( Teachers’s day )( Second week of July ):
Teachers come second (after the gods) in the Hindu hierarchy of respect. The full moon day of the month July is set aside for students to pay homage to their teachers and receive blessings from them in return. At a place called Vyas on the Kathmandu-Pokhara highway, special worship is performed to Maharishi Vyas, the saint who wrote the great Hindu epic, Mahabharat. For Buddhists, the occasion (Dilla Punhi) is sacred as the day when the Buddha-to-be entered the womb of Queen Mayadevi. Religious functions are held at monasteries and temples to commemorate the event.
Kalash Jatra:
(2nd week of July) Celebrated at Changunarayan three days before Janai Purnima (full moon day). On this day an ancient silver Kalash ( carved silver water vase ) , representing God Changunarayan is carried to Hanumandhoka in Kathmandu Durbar square in a procession of classical musical instruments and traditional Guruju ko Paltan (traditional army). The living goddess in Kathmandu also observes this festival.
Kumbheswor Mela (Janai purnima):
( 3rd week of July full moon day) Celebrated at the pond at the Kumbheswor temple at Patan city by taking holy bath at the pond. It is believed that the water came from the holy lake at Himalaya called Gosaikunda. The traditional healers ( Jhakris ) or the shamans will visit this place from various parts of the country with their traditional dresses and objects playing their drums. On this day all Nepali families will prepare a special dish of nine different cereals (bean sprouts) for meals.
Ghanta Karna Chaturdasi (Gathemangal):
This festival celebrates the exorcism of the mythical demon Ghantakarna.It is also called Gathemangal festival which falls on trayodashi of the month Shrawan (End of July).
August
Janai Purnima,Rakshya Bandhan,Khumbeshwor Mela Patan ( Second week of August ):
Janai Purnima is the festival of Sacred Thread.on this day every Hindu ties a sacred thread on the wrist.It is also called Rakshya Bandhan.On this day, there is a big Mela (fair) at Khumbeshwor, Lalitpur.It is again on a full moon night.
Gaijatra:
The festival of "Gai Jatra" (the procession of cows) which is one of the most popular festivals, is generally celebrated in the Nepalese month of Bhadra (Second week of August).This festival has its roots in the belief that the god of death, Yamaraj, must be feared and hence worshipped.
Mata-yaa
Celebrated in mid-August. Mata-yaa is one of Patan's popular festivals. It consists of a day-long procession of devotees going around the Buddhist courtyards of the town and offering worship at the shrines there. Carrying lighted tapers and joss sticks in their hands, Mata-yaa participants rush in a meandering file and visit the hundreds of Buddhist sites scattered all over Patan. They toss rice grains, flowers and coins at the shrines as they pass by. Some devotees wear elaborate and amusing costumes. Musicians also take part in the parade.
Shree Krishna Janmastami:
Sri Krishna Janmastami marks the celebration of the birth of Lord Sri Krishna. This festival is also known as Krishna Jayanti or Janmashtami. Lord Krishna is regarded as the 8th avatar or 'incarnation' of Lord Vishnu.It falls on Saptami of Bhadra ( Third week of August )
Gonai Jatra:
( 3rd week of August, next day of Gaijatra). A Tamang community festival celebrated in Boudhanath. Entire Tamang people visit Boudhanath dancing and singing in their traditional dress.
Gokarna Aunsi (Father's Day):
The most auspicious day to honour one's father is Gokarna Aunsi . It falls on the dark fortnight of Bhadra, end of August.It is also known as Kuse Aunsi.
Neel Barahi Pyakhan:
Neel Barahi Pyakhan is a sacred masked dance which is shown over four days(August/September)in different parts of Bode. Nineteen persons representing the town's guardian pantheon take part in the dance performance. Music is provided by a 27-piece traditional orchestra. The ceremony invokes peace and harmony, and is dedicated to the deity Neel Barahi whose temple is located in a jungle outside Bode. Bode adjoins Thimi which is 8 km east of Kathmandu.
Tamu Dhee:
Tamu Dhee (also known as Trahonte) is a Gurung holiday (august). Ceremonies are performed to purge the neighborhood of evil spirits and to safeguard one's farm and farm animals from hostile elements. Groups of people beating on different kinds of drums form a colorful procession and make house-to-house visits. Participants with their faces smeared with soot and wearing feather headdresses parade through the town to drive away negative influences and ensure peace and security.
Bhimsen Jatra:
(Last week of August) This is one of the ancient festivals of Patan. Celebrated after two of days of Krishna Janmastami at the Bhimsen temple at Patan Durbar square. God Bhimsen symbolizes bravery and good business. This day the image of Bhimsen is carried out in a three tiered ‘Khat’ (wooden palanquin) and paraded through the traditional route inside Patan city.
September
Teej:
"Teej" is the fasting festival for women. Through this religious fasting, hindu women pray for marital bliss, wellbeing of their spouse and children and purification of their own body and soul. It takes place on Tritiya of Bhadra (First week of September).
Indrajatra:
This festival falls in the end of Bhadra ( Second week of September). Both Hindus and Buddhists unite to celebrate the festival of Indra Jatra with great enthusiasm.
Pulukisi and Mupatra:
(2nd week of September, full moon day). Celebrated in Bhaktapur city by displaying ancient metal images of God ‘Indra’ in various localities of the town. God Indra and two other demons will be displayed from Shiva temple near Bhaktapur Durbar Dhoka and taken around the city with a procession. Same day the dance of the ‘Pulukisi’ ( Indra’s elephant) will be performed from Lukulachhe Tole near the five storey temple.
Dashain:
During the month of Kartik in the Bikram Sambat calendar (late September and early October), the Nepalese people indulge in the biggest festival of the year, Dashain. Dashain is the longest and the most auspicious festival in the Nepalese annual calendar, celebrated by Nepalese of all caste and creed throughout the country. The fifteen days of celebration occurs during the bright lunar fortnight ending on the day of the full moon.
Shikali Jatra:
(During ‘Dahain’, Sept./Oct). It is one of the ancient festivals of Khokana village, south of Patan city. One day before ‘Phulpati’ in Dashain, entire village people will gather at the Shikali ground, below the khokana village in the morning and celebrate this festival which begins with offerings to the Shikali god. The procession will include men with 14 different ancient masks of gods and goddesses, traditional dance and music. Same evening the mask dance is performed in spectacular way in the village. The mask dance will be performed next day also.
Gan Pyakhan or Mulchowk festival:
(Sept. / Oct ) One of the popular festivals of Patan city, celebrated through out ‘Dashain’ starting from Ghatasthapana to Kojagrat purnima. Youths from the Buddhist community will start retreat under the direction of Gurju and come out on that auspicious day at Nakabahil, Patan and wear ancient traditional masks of Astamatrikas. The dance procession will start from the platform at Nakabahil every day in the evening and end at the middle court yard (Mulchowk) at Patan Durbar.
Kumari puja:
(Sept. / Oct.) Kumari, the living goddess of Patan, is worshipped in traditional way on the tenth day of ‘Dashain’ in the Mulchowk (Middle courtyard) at Patan Durbar.
October
Taleju:
Celebrated in Kathmandu durbar square ( Hanuman dhoka ) during ‘Dashain’ ( October / November ) on the day of Mahanavami. The Taleju Temple is open for the public on this day.
Olachonegu:
(2nd week October, full moon day) On this day Maharjans ( farmer community of Kathmandu valley) come to Swayambhunath early in the morning and spend three days performing various rituals.
Kartik Naach: (October last week):
This nearly four hundred years old traditional dance (ballet) is one of the popular festivals of Patan city. This weeklong masked dance is performed at the Dubali (platform) at Patan Durbar square every evening beginning about ten days ahead of the Tihar festival. The artists performing dance will be wearing masks of different gods and demons and will be followed by traditional songs.
Tihar:
Tihar, the festival of lights is one of the most dazzling of all Hindu festivals. In this festival we worship Goddess Laxmi, the Goddess of wealth. It heralds the month of Kartik ( Last week of October) starting with Kukur Puja-Narak Chaturdashi.
November
Sakimana Punhi:
(2nd week of November, full moon day). Pictures of temples made of colourful grains and beans are displayed on this day at Bhaktapur city. It could be seen in front of all temples of Bhaktapur on this day.
Halimunibwoyagu:
(2nd week of November, full moon day). This is one of the interesting festival at Swayambhunath at Kathmandu. On this day, Sakyas and Bajracharyas form Patan city come to Swayambhu to perform special rituals and draw beautiful pictures of Kalash (holy vase) using colour full grains and beans.
December
Yomari Punhi:
Yomari Punhi is one of the popular Newar festivals observed every year during the full moon of December. A yomari is a confection of rice-flour (from the new harvest) dough shaped like fig and filled with brown cane sugar and sesame seeds, which is then steamed.
Balachaturdasi:
(2nd week of December) On this day relatives of the person who died within this year visit Pashupati Temple early in the morning walk around the temple and in the Mrigasthali forest offering Satvij (a mixture of seven seeds).
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